CALVIN
General Description | CALVIN is a statewide hydro-economic model for the California's intertied water supply system. The model includes 82 years (1921-2003) of monthly surface and groundwater hydrology; major storage, pumping, and conveyance infrastructure and selected hydropower facilities and agricultural and urban service areas. The model accounts for infrastructure capacities and operating and water scarcity costs, as well as environmental regulations for minimum instream flows. As an optimization model, CALVIN allocates water such that the cost of water scarcity and operation is minimized over the entire modeling time period. In addition to monthly water deliveries and storage, CALVIN provides economic opportunity costs of infrastructure expansion and environmental flows. The website of the model is: https://calvin.ucdavis.edu Software and network database: https://github.com/ucd-cws/calvin |
Model Domain | Water supply for California |
Developer | University of California, Davis |
Hardware computing requirements | NA |
Code language | Originally, CALVIN employed a free linear solver (HEC-PRM, Hydrologic Engineering Center-Prescriptive Reservoir Model) a network flow optimization computer code developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers' Hydrologic Engineering Center in Davis. Also The model is now coded in Python by Fefer (2017)and solved as a network flow model with open-access solvers including GLPK, CBC, CPLEX and Gurobi. See Dogan et al. (2018) for further details. |
Original application | The State of California Resources Agency funded an 18-month study starting in January 1998 to analyze finance options for California's future water supply. An initial model report came in 2001. |
Public/proprietary and cost | Free |
Physically or empirically based | Empirical |
Mathematical methods used | CALVIN is a hydro-economic optimization model (generalized network flow optimization, described by Jensen and Barnes, 1980). |
Input data requirements |
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Outputs |
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Pre-processing and post-processing tools | Originally, HEC-PRM is required to run the model. Inputs must be provided through database connected to HEC-PRM. In the python-based platform and database https://github.com/ucd-cws/calvin the network and other model inputs can modified. Output files are in comma separated value format which can be post-processed with conventional spreadsheets. |
Representation of uncertainty | CALVIN is deterministic, uncertainty isbut calibration not explicitly represented, yet its 82 year monthly hydrology accounts various extreme events in the historical record. Calibration process detailed in Jenkins (2001) appendix. |
Prevalence | Modest use in CA water policy and demand analysis. Related literature available on https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/shed/lund/CALVIN |
Ease of use for public entities | Requires training and knowledge of HEC-PRM softwarenetwork flow optimization, and python. |
Ease of obtaining information and availability of technical support | Extensive documentation on UC Davis website, contact information for PIs is readily available. Training session available on demand through UCD.the UC Davis Center for Watershed Sciences. |
Source code availability | Most model information is available at: https://github.com/ucd-cws/calvin |
Status of model development | The CALVIN model continues development on the interface to input data and other elements. Results from the model are useful for planning of droughts and climate change. |
Challenges for integration | Complex relationship between elements of the model. Existing integration with SWAP could provide a go-between for other models. Specificity of model schematic and inputs may be obstacle to integration with other water supply/demand models. |
References
Lund, J. R., Jenkins, M. W., Zhu, T., Tanaka, S. K., Pulido, M., Ritzema, R., Ferriera, I. (2003). Climate Warming & California's Water Future. Davis, CA. Retrieved from https://calvin.ucdavis.edu/content/talking-about-weather-climate-warming-and-californias-water-future-february-2003-report
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